Oamenii asociaza adesea gestionarea bugetului cu o activitate complicata de contabilitate, ce necesita multa stiinta si mult timp si, de multe ori, acest lucru ii face pana la urma sa se simta vinovati de modul in care isi cheltuiesc banii. Este un mit pe care il vom demonta chiar acum!
Sa iti planifici bugetul lunar este foarte important pentru ca te va ajuta sa te simti linistit si increzator si vei avea control complet asupra finantelor tale. Iata cum poti sa iti construiesti si planifici usor bugetul, fara niciun ajutor.
Stabileste-ti obiectivele financiare
Exista doua tipuri de obiective financiare – pe termen scurt si pe termen lung. Obiectivele pe termen scurt se concentreaza pe cum isi folosesti banii astazi, saptamana aceasta, luna aceasta. Obiectivele pe termen lung sunt axate pe distribuirea banilor in cursul mai multor ani. Ambele tipuri de obiective sunt foarte importante si sunt legate unul de altul. Modul in care economisesti astazi influenteaza cat de mari va fi bugetul tau in viitor.
Urmatorul pas este sa stabilesti care dintre obiective iti acopera nevoile de baza si care se leaga de achizitii mai scumpe, vise, ori planuri pentru un viitor indepartat.
Cheltuielile pe termen scurt includ, de regula, facturile lunare la utilitati, cheltuielile cu mancarea si imbracamintea sezoniera, cheltuielile cu copiii, abonamentele la sport, ratele lunare la credite si chiar si banii de buzunar. Cheltuielile pe termen lung se refera la cumparaturile mari precum achizitia unei proprietati, a unei masini noi sau a unui yacht, ori la efectuarea de investitii financiare, constituirea de depozite sau de conturi de economii, contribuirea la fonduri de pensii etc.
Calculeaza-ti veniturile si cheltuielile
Odata ce ti-ai stabilit obiectivele financiare, trebuie sa pregatesti un plan pentru implementarea lor. Incepe prin a calcula toate veniturile – salarii, comisioane, bonusuri, beneficii sociale, salarii etc. Pastrand in minte ca veniturile si cheltuielile sunt, in cea mai mare parte, periodice, e mai usor sa iti pregatesti bugetul pe baze lunare.
Urmatorul pas este sa calculezi costurile fixe (cheltuielile casnice foarte predictibile) si cele variabile – banii pentru mancare, timp liber si altele. Multi oameni prevad o a treia categorie de costuri – cheltuieli neprevazute precum facturi medicale, tratamente speciale de infrumusetare, o vizita la dentist.
Analizeaza si creaza-ti bugetul lunar
Obiectivul tau principal este sa te asiguri ca cheltuielile nu depasesc veniturile. Selecteaza totul intr-un tabel si, daca e necesar, schimba cateva dintre obiceiuri si renunta la lucrurile „neimportante”.
Atunci cand iti notezi cheltuielile, asigura-te ca incluzi un procent pentru obiectivele pe termen lung si economiseste netul. Expertii ne sfatuiesc sa punem deoparte circa 20% din castiguri sub forma de economii pentru viitor, dar daca nu ai aceasta posibilitate in prezent, poti incepe cu un procent mai mic si sa il cresti incet in timp.
Pentru a nu fi tentat sa iti cheltuiesti economiile, le poti pune intr-un depozit la termen. TBI Bank ofera unele dintre cele mai bune conditii din tara pentru depozitele la termen si pentru economii. Afla mai multe aici!
De asemenea, te poti gandi la crearea unui fond pentru urgente, care poate fi foarte util in situatii de criza cum ar fi pierderea accidentala a jobului. Acest fond este o forma separata de economisire ori un cont bancar diferit de cel care reprezinta plasa se siguranta pentru cheltuielile pe termen lung. Ideal este sa pui deoparte in acest fond de urgente o suma suficienta pentru a acoperi cheltuielile pentru o perioada de 3 – 6 luni.
Fii cu ochii pe buget
Stabilirea unui buget este un pas mare inainte in viata ta si te va ajuta sa iti administrezi mai bine finantele. Este insa important sa fii consecvent si sa iti urmezi planul de buget sau chiar sa il modifici daca e nevoie. E important sa existe un echilibru, asa ca preia controlul asupra finantelor tale!
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